What Has to Survive Translation?
Replacing one word with another is only the beginning of translation. A sentence can be grammatically accurate and still fail to carry what the original conversation was doing.
Ask what the language is doing: describing, promising, opening a question, changing a relationship, or inviting an action. Those functions can be easier to lose than vocabulary.
Literal wording may preserve a sentence while obscuring its central distinction. A loose adaptation may produce the same feeling while changing the idea. Good translation has to work between those risks.
The question reaches beyond spoken languages. Ideas move between disciplines, generations, and media. After that move, can someone still see what the original distinction was trying to make visible?